iReasearch学术科研网

摘要：对比短语学是刚刚兴起的一个研究方向;方法论建设与技术手段探索尤为迫切和必要。本文讨论对比短语学的一般方法;并尝试建立三个实用研究技术。分别是:(1)从平行语料库显示的复现翻译对等出发;通过考察互译数据并计算相互对应率;确定词语的跨语言对应;(2)以复现搭配翻译对等为研究单位;经由本族语单语语料库数据检索;确定翻译对等与典型搭配间的对应;(3)在扩展意义单位视角下;检查复现翻译对等在可比语料库中的形式、意义和功能特征异同;确定双语对应短语单位。文章还讨论了翻译对等的功用、词汇的意义关系以及双语交际策略等问题。

Contrastive phraseology is a newly-emerging research field,which demands a thorough scrutiny of its methodology and an urgent exploration of necessary practical techniques.The present article discusses general methods for contrastive phraseology and attempts to establish three sets of practical techniques for such studies.First,we propose to start with recurrent translation equivalents,as shown in parallel corpora before proceeding to observe their mutual-translatability and calculate their mutual correspondence to arrive at cross-language corresponding lexical units.Second,we propose to use recurrent translation equivalents of collocations as units of study before going on to examine typical collocations in a comprehensive monolingual corpus to establish equivalent phrases across two languages.Third,we explore a method by which similarities and differences of formal,semantic and functional features of recurrent translation equivalents are examined in comparable corpora to assess degrees of equivalence between phrasal units.The paper also addresses the value of translation equivalents,semantic relationships among lexical items as well as strategies in cross-language communication.