英语通用语视角下的学习动机、语言态度和语言意识

发布时间:2020-12-04 10:15浏览数:1308评论数:1 收藏

英语通用语(English as a Lingua Franca, ELF)和全球英语(Global Englishes, GE)是重新思考英语在国际交往中的地位后得到的普遍认识:英语使用范围广,与其他各种语言和文化充分接触、互相影响,形成了诸多变体。传统意义上的“标准英语”,如英国英语或者美国英语,从这个视角来看也不外乎是众多变体之一,地位并不突出。但长期以来,我国的英语教学一直存在一个被普遍默许的前设:最好模仿英国英语或者美国英语等“标准英语”。可在英语通用语/全球英语的视角下,仅学习这两种变体显然是不够的,因为在广泛的国际交往中,各种英语变体都会出现。这时,我们不仅要了解变体本身的语言特征,还要具有积极的语言意识和包容的语言态度。

英语虽然是使用范围最广的语言,但从我国未来的发展需求来看,学习者仅掌握英语这一门外语已经不能充分参与国际竞争,我们需要更多高质量的多外语人才。这一需求不仅为外语教学提出了全新的挑战,也为教学科研提出了更高的要求:在多语环境下语言学习过程有哪些变化?学生的学习动机、策略、态度、意识等与仅学习一门外语时又有哪些不同?

基于对上述背景和问题的思考,本期栏目邀请六位对多语、英语通用语、全球英语有深入研究的国内外专家与大家分享他们的近期研究成果。郑咏滟、鹿秀川和任伟的论文探索了多语环境下非英语外语学习动机问题,通过引入语境维度完善了二语动机自我系统理论。方帆的专著探讨了全球英语理论背景下,中国教师与大学生对自己和不同英语口音的态度及其身份认同,指出了英语本族语模式的语言教学与跨文化交际中的语言复杂性问题。鲁华山和Adcharawan Buripakdi的论文探索了全球英语背景下的语言教学模式及其对语言意识的影响。上述文章或专著从语言学习动机、语言态度、语言意识等不同侧面深入考察英语通用语/全球英语背景下的外语学习问题,对今后相关研究具有很大的启发和借鉴意义。

——北京语言大学 许宏晨

 

郑咏滟  教授 专家简介

论文

Zheng, Y., Lu, X., & Ren, W. (2019). Profiling Chinese university students’ motivation to learn multiple languages. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development40: 590–604.

摘要

This study extends our understanding of Chinese university students’ motivation to learn languages other than English (LOTEs) by adding a contextual dimension to the L2 Motivational Self System. The study drew on Higgins’ ([1987]. “Self-discrepancy: A Theory Relating Self and Affect.” Psychological Review94: 319–340.) original Own-Other standpoints and Lanvers’ ([2016]. “Lots of Selves, Some Rebellious: Developing the Self Discrepancy Model for Language Learners.” System60: 79–92.; [2017]. “Contradictory Others and the Habitus of Languages: Surveying the L2 Motivation Landscape in the United Kingdom.” The Modern Language Journal101 (3): 517–532.) Self-Discrepancy Theory for Language Learners to enrich the framework, and recruited two different learner groups with Chinese as their first language and English as their second language – voluntary learners of Spanish as a third language and non-voluntary learners of Spanish. The Q-methodology was applied to profile these two groups’ multilingual selves, with four motivational profiles emerging from the analysis: self-motivated with multilingual posture, self-motivated with instrumentality, other-motivated with promotion-focused instrumentality, and other-motivated with prevention-focused instrumentality. The findings revealed that multilingual posture was prominent in the self-motivated learners’ investment in learning Spanish, and the other-motivated learners were subjugated to the macro-level sociological influences of global English and the national foreign language policy. Our findings also suggested a potential gate-keeping role of global English in conceptualizing non-Anglophone learners’ LOTE learning motivation. This paper concludes with some methodological and theoretical implications for future LOTE learning motivation research.

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方帆  副教授 专家简介

专著

Fang, F. (2020). Re-positioning Accent Attitude in the Global Englishes Paradigm: A Critical Phenomenological Case Study in the Chinese Context. London: Routledge.

摘要

This book revisits the issue of China English as a developing variety of English and scrutinizes students’ and teachers’ attitudes towards their own and other English accents from the critical phenomenological perspective of Global Englishes (GE) in the Chinese context. The research contributes to the field of GE by proposing a model of pronunciation teaching called ToPIC (Teaching of Pronunciation for Intercultural Communication) informed by interculturally responsive language pedagogy. Combining theory and empirical data, the book presents ground-breaking research on accent attitudes in the Chinese context within the GE paradigm and raises issues and concerns regarding teaching English, particularly speaking and pronunciation, from the GE perspective. Unpacking attitudes towards English accents from a critical perspective, this book will both show policy makers the need to consider the impacts of GE and help practitioners and language learners re-evaluate the goals and needs of English learning. The ToPIC approach also has significance for curriculum reform as it readdresses various issues in language policy and practice. The ToPIC approach is recommended for those interested in teaching and learning English in the expanding circle context and those seeking to learn more about learning and using English across the world.

 

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鲁华山  副教授 专家简介

论文

Lu, H., & Buripakdi, A. (2020). Effects of Global Englishes-informed Pedagogy in Raising Chinese University Students’ Global Englishes Awareness. PASAA, 60: 97-138.

摘要

The spread of English as a global language has resulted in many changes in sociolinguistic realities, which challenges the foundations of how language should be taught and learned. To match today’s sociolinguistic realities, researchers have called for a paradigm shift from the traditional pedagogy to a new pedagogy that can prepare students to use English in international communication involving different varieties of English and its cultures. However, little research has been done in implementing a Global Englishes (GE)-informed pedagogy in English language classrooms, especially in the mainland of China. This research attempts to examine the effects of a GE-informed pedagogy in developing Chinese university students’ GE awareness. Eighty-two university students participated in this study and received a 12-week intervention of a GE-informed instruction. Data collection methods included questionnaires and interviews. Paired-samples t-test and content analysis were used to analyze the data. The results show that students’ GE awareness was significantly raised after taking the course. Specifically, students acknowledged the diversity of English, assessed English from a GE perspective, and their self-confidence increased in international communication. This paper argues for the importance of raising GE awareness and calls for a more critical approach to ELT in China.

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