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在英语处所倒装结构中,谓语动词前面的PP和后面的NP都表现出了混合的功能特征。本文基于语段的分析认为,所有允许处所倒装的动词均具有非宾格的属性;其中NP和PP都是非宾格动词的直接附属成分。非宾格动词的功能轻动词vP因为缺乏带语义角色的外论元,具有不及物性,不构成语段。当NP被作为呈现焦点冻结在VP内句末焦点位置上时,PP作最短移位,首先进入Spec-vP,然后进入Spec-TP,最后进入Spec-TopP,派生出PP的主语与话题的双重属性。由于PP缺乏人称/数量特征,T与动词后的NP建立起人称和数量一致关系,并赋予其主格。

In the English locative inversion construction , both the preverbal PP and postverbaI NP have mixed functional properties. Under a phase-based account proposed in this paper, it is argued 由at all verbs allowing locative inversion are unaccusative in nature; the NP and PP appear as dependents of the unaccusative verb. The functional light verb vP projection of the unaccusative verb is not a phase because it is intransitive by virtue of having no thematic external argument. When the NP is frozen in the VP-area focus position as presentational focus , the PP undergoes the shortest movement first to Spec-vP, then to Spec-TP ，and finally to Spec-TopP, giving rise to the subject and topic properties of the PP. Since PPs do not haveψ- features , T agrees in person and number with and assigns nominative case to the posterval NP.