摘要:
"在/向+方所"结构是汉语典型的方位结构,可灵活置于动词左右两个位置。共时分析表明,左置式是对言者的述谓,具有主观性,右置式是对谓语动词的述谓,具有客观性;历时上,左置式后于右置式出现,是方位结构主观化后导致的句法嬗变,这表明汉语方位结构主观化机制符合VO语言的演变倾向,是汉语作为强势VO语言的一个重要佐证。
As t yp ical locati ve c ons truct i ons in Mand ari n Chin ese , u Za i/Xiang + n oun p hras e + ( locati ve p articl es ) M can e ithe r p reced e or foll ow th e v erb in a s en tence . Sy nc hroni c a nal y s is s hows that th e p re - verb ( l ef t - branch ing ) con - str uct i ons are more subj ect i v e in t he sen se th at th ey are predi c ati ve of t he sp eak er , wh il e th e pos t- verb ( rig ht - bran ch- i n g) cons tru ct ions are more obj ec tive as th ey are predi cati ve of t he s en te nti al verb . Thi s f ind in g is fu rt her j us tif ied by the d i ach ron ic su bj ect ificatio n of the l oc ative cons tru ctions . His torica ll y , the subj ecti ve left - b ranchi ng cons truc ti ons derive fr om t he obj ecti ve ri gh t - branchi ng constr uctions . Thi s subject ifi cati on mec han ism conforms to the t ypi cal p er? for ma nce of VO l ang uage , an oth er p roof th at modem Chi nes e is a typical VO l ang uag e.